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<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>npx</title> <style> body { background-color: #ffffff; color: #24292e; margin: 0; line-height: 1.5; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji"; } #rainbar { height: 10px; background-image: linear-gradient(139deg, #fb8817, #ff4b01, #c12127, #e02aff); } a { text-decoration: none; color: #0366d6; } a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } pre { margin: 1em 0px; padding: 1em; border: solid 1px #e1e4e8; border-radius: 6px; display: block; overflow: auto; white-space: pre; background-color: #f6f8fa; color: #393a34; } code { font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 85%; padding: 0.2em 0.4em; background-color: #f6f8fa; color: #393a34; } pre > code { padding: 0; background-color: inherit; color: inherit; } h1, h2, h3 { font-weight: 600; } #logobar { background-color: #333333; margin: 0 auto; padding: 1em 4em; } #logobar .logo { float: left; } #logobar .title { font-weight: 600; color: #dddddd; float: left; margin: 5px 0 0 1em; } #logobar:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } #content { margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 4em; } #table_of_contents > h2 { font-size: 1.17em; } #table_of_contents ul:first-child { border: solid 1px #e1e4e8; border-radius: 6px; padding: 1em; background-color: #f6f8fa; color: #393a34; } #table_of_contents ul { list-style-type: none; padding-left: 1.5em; } #table_of_contents li { font-size: 0.9em; } #table_of_contents li a { color: #000000; } header.title { border-bottom: solid 1px #e1e4e8; } header.title > h1 { margin-bottom: 0.25em; } header.title > .description { display: block; margin-bottom: 0.5em; line-height: 1; } footer#edit { border-top: solid 1px #e1e4e8; margin: 3em 0 4em 0; padding-top: 2em; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="banner"> <div id="rainbar"></div> <div id="logobar"> <svg class="logo" role="img" height="32" width="32" viewBox="0 0 700 700"> <polygon fill="#cb0000" points="0,700 700,700 700,0 0,0"></polygon> <polygon fill="#ffffff" points="150,550 350,550 350,250 450,250 450,550 550,550 550,150 150,150"></polygon> </svg> <div class="title"> npm command-line interface </div> </div> </div> <section id="content"> <header class="title"> <h1 id="npx">npx</h1> <span class="description">Run a command from a local or remote npm package</span> </header> <section id="table_of_contents"> <h2 id="table-of-contents">Table of contents</h2> <div id="_table_of_contents"><ul><li><a href="#synopsis">Synopsis</a></li><li><a href="#description">Description</a></li><li><a href="#npx-vs-npm-exec"><code>npx</code> vs <code>npm exec</code></a></li><li><a href="#examples">Examples</a></li><li><a href="#compatibility-with-older-npx-versions">Compatibility with Older npx Versions</a></li><li><a href="#see-also">See Also</a></li></ul></div> </section> <div id="_content"><h3 id="synopsis">Synopsis</h3> <!-- raw HTML omitted --> <!-- raw HTML omitted --> <!-- raw HTML omitted --> <pre lang="bash"><code>npx -- <pkg>[@<version>] [args...] npx --package=<pkg>[@<version>] -- <cmd> [args...] npx -c '<cmd> [args...]' npx --package=foo -c '<cmd> [args...]' </code></pre> <!-- raw HTML omitted --> <!-- raw HTML omitted --> <!-- raw HTML omitted --> <h3 id="description">Description</h3> <p>This command allows you to run an arbitrary command from an npm package (either one installed locally, or fetched remotely), in a similar context as running it via <code>npm run</code>.</p> <p>Whatever packages are specified by the <code>--package</code> option will be provided in the <code>PATH</code> of the executed command, along with any locally installed package executables. The <code>--package</code> option may be specified multiple times, to execute the supplied command in an environment where all specified packages are available.</p> <p>If any requested packages are not present in the local project dependencies, then they are installed to a folder in the npm cache, which is added to the <code>PATH</code> environment variable in the executed process. A prompt is printed (which can be suppressed by providing either <code>--yes</code> or <code>--no</code>).</p> <p>Package names provided without a specifier will be matched with whatever version exists in the local project. Package names with a specifier will only be considered a match if they have the exact same name and version as the local dependency.</p> <p>If no <code>-c</code> or <code>--call</code> option is provided, then the positional arguments are used to generate the command string. If no <code>--package</code> options are provided, then npm will attempt to determine the executable name from the package specifier provided as the first positional argument according to the following heuristic:</p> <ul> <li>If the package has a single entry in its <code>bin</code> field in <code>package.json</code>, or if all entries are aliases of the same command, then that command will be used.</li> <li>If the package has multiple <code>bin</code> entries, and one of them matches the unscoped portion of the <code>name</code> field, then that command will be used.</li> <li>If this does not result in exactly one option (either because there are no bin entries, or none of them match the <code>name</code> of the package), then <code>npm exec</code> exits with an error.</li> </ul> <p>To run a binary <em>other than</em> the named binary, specify one or more <code>--package</code> options, which will prevent npm from inferring the package from the first command argument.</p> <h3 id="npx-vs-npm-exec"><code>npx</code> vs <code>npm exec</code></h3> <p>When run via the <code>npx</code> binary, all flags and options <em>must</em> be set prior to any positional arguments. When run via <code>npm exec</code>, a double-hyphen <code>--</code> flag can be used to suppress npm's parsing of switches and options that should be sent to the executed command.</p> <p>For example:</p> <pre><code>$ npx foo@latest bar --package=@npmcli/foo </code></pre> <p>In this case, npm will resolve the <code>foo</code> package name, and run the following command:</p> <pre><code>$ foo bar --package=@npmcli/foo </code></pre> <p>Since the <code>--package</code> option comes <em>after</em> the positional arguments, it is treated as an argument to the executed command.</p> <p>In contrast, due to npm's argument parsing logic, running this command is different:</p> <pre><code>$ npm exec foo@latest bar --package=@npmcli/foo </code></pre> <p>In this case, npm will parse the <code>--package</code> option first, resolving the <code>@npmcli/foo</code> package. Then, it will execute the following command in that context:</p> <pre><code>$ foo@latest bar </code></pre> <p>The double-hyphen character is recommended to explicitly tell npm to stop parsing command line options and switches. The following command would thus be equivalent to the <code>npx</code> command above:</p> <pre><code>$ npm exec -- foo@latest bar --package=@npmcli/foo </code></pre> <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3> <p>Run the version of <code>tap</code> in the local dependencies, with the provided arguments:</p> <pre><code>$ npm exec -- tap --bail test/foo.js $ npx tap --bail test/foo.js </code></pre> <p>Run a command <em>other than</em> the command whose name matches the package name by specifying a <code>--package</code> option:</p> <pre><code>$ npm exec --package=foo -- bar --bar-argument # ~ or ~ $ npx --package=foo bar --bar-argument </code></pre> <p>Run an arbitrary shell script, in the context of the current project:</p> <pre><code>$ npm x -c 'eslint && say "hooray, lint passed"' $ npx -c 'eslint && say "hooray, lint passed"' </code></pre> <h3 id="compatibility-with-older-npx-versions">Compatibility with Older npx Versions</h3> <p>The <code>npx</code> binary was rewritten in npm v7.0.0, and the standalone <code>npx</code> package deprecated at that time. <code>npx</code> uses the <code>npm exec</code> command instead of a separate argument parser and install process, with some affordances to maintain backwards compatibility with the arguments it accepted in previous versions.</p> <p>This resulted in some shifts in its functionality:</p> <ul> <li>Any <code>npm</code> config value may be provided.</li> <li>To prevent security and user-experience problems from mistyping package names, <code>npx</code> prompts before installing anything. Suppress this prompt with the <code>-y</code> or <code>--yes</code> option.</li> <li>The <code>--no-install</code> option is deprecated, and will be converted to <code>--no</code>.</li> <li>Shell fallback functionality is removed, as it is not advisable.</li> <li>The <code>-p</code> argument is a shorthand for <code>--parseable</code> in npm, but shorthand for <code>--package</code> in npx. This is maintained, but only for the <code>npx</code> executable.</li> <li>The <code>--ignore-existing</code> option is removed. Locally installed bins are always present in the executed process <code>PATH</code>.</li> <li>The <code>--npm</code> option is removed. <code>npx</code> will always use the <code>npm</code> it ships with.</li> <li>The <code>--node-arg</code> and <code>-n</code> options are removed.</li> <li>The <code>--always-spawn</code> option is redundant, and thus removed.</li> <li>The <code>--shell</code> option is replaced with <code>--script-shell</code>, but maintained in the <code>npx</code> executable for backwards compatibility.</li> </ul> <h3 id="see-also">See Also</h3> <ul> <li><a href="../commands/npm-run-script.html">npm run-script</a></li> <li><a href="../using-npm/scripts.html">npm scripts</a></li> <li><a href="../commands/npm-test.html">npm test</a></li> <li><a href="../commands/npm-start.html">npm start</a></li> <li><a href="../commands/npm-restart.html">npm restart</a></li> <li><a href="../commands/npm-stop.html">npm stop</a></li> <li><a href="../commands/npm-config.html">npm config</a></li> <li><a href="../commands/npm-exec.html">npm exec</a></li> </ul> </div> <footer id="edit"> <a href="https://github.com/npm/cli/edit/latest/docs/content/commands/npx.md"> <svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentcolor" style="vertical-align: text-bottom; margin-right: 0.3em;"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.013 1.427a1.75 1.75 0 012.474 0l1.086 1.086a1.75 1.75 0 010 2.474l-8.61 8.61c-.21.21-.47.364-.756.445l-3.251.93a.75.75 0 01-.927-.928l.929-3.25a1.75 1.75 0 01.445-.758l8.61-8.61zm1.414 1.06a.25.25 0 00-.354 0L10.811 3.75l1.439 1.44 1.263-1.263a.25.25 0 000-.354l-1.086-1.086zM11.189 6.25L9.75 4.81l-6.286 6.287a.25.25 0 00-.064.108l-.558 1.953 1.953-.558a.249.249 0 00.108-.064l6.286-6.286z"></path> </svg> Edit this page on GitHub </a> </footer> </section> </body></html>